Monday, February 24, 2020
Health & Healing in Cross Cultural Perspective Assignment
Health & Healing in Cross Cultural Perspective - Assignment Example 2. What may be considered normal within one culture may be considered as abnormal in another. Despite the presence of a universally valid system of recognizing the illness and its symptoms, yet cultural differences define behaviors in their own way. This is called cultural theory of normalcy and abnormalcy. A culture defines for a person what behavior he should adopt in order to be normal. For example, average age which is late for a menstrual period to come may be different in different cultures. If a girl of 10 starts menstruating, she may be considered as abnormal in a culture where girls menstruate as late as fifteen. Thus, cultural differences define normal and abnormal behaviors. 3. Spirit possession empowers people in a way that they impart people such spiritual powers (like in Exorcist) that are unable to get without demonic possession. This is a common perspective in many cultures that a spirit has taken the control of a personââ¬â¢s body and he undergoes such powerful ch anges in the physical attributes like voice and etcetera, that we can say that he gets empowered. Spirit possession enables one to be someone else. ... 4. Susto is an ethnomedical syndrome that is usually found in Latin American culture. The concept revolves around the separation of soul from the physical body of a person. The belief is that the victimââ¬â¢s soul or soul of any of the members of his family is taken away through a frightful experience. The women and children may be the victims of this soul loss rather than the person who underwent the frightful occurrence, because they are the weaker members of the family. Rubel and his colleagues found that susto was caused by self- perception of personal inadequacies when the victim is unable to meet social expectations. Hence, social stress was found to be the cause of susto. 5. The hot-cold theory of disease, of Mexican American culture, states that an illness, like food and colors, can be associated with being hot or cold. For example, menstrual cramps are considered as cold illness while pregnancy cramps are regarded as hot. This belief tends to make people comply with the t reatment process much more powerfully. The treatment then consists of such procedures that tend to neutralize the hotness or coldness of the disease, by treating it with a procedure of opposite quality. The health provider should understand the patientââ¬â¢s cultural view on this theory and should proceed accordingly. Giving cold juices in cold illness like flu may lead to patient noncompliance. Hot drinks like tea and coffee can be advised otherwise. 6. Biomedicine is a part of natural diseases causation ethnomedical system because it is based on scientific judgments and clinical procedures of treatments. It is not like primitive medicine which is based on the concept that magic and the possession of supernatural spirits can be used in healing, nor it is like folk medicine which is based on
Friday, February 7, 2020
Annotated Bibliography (PHI 445) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Annotated Bibliography (PHI 445) - Essay Example In essence, this study is highly effective because it begins to show the human cost to corruption, more than just a financial one. Bishara, N. (2011). Governance and corruption constraints in the Middle East: Overcoming the business ethics glass ceiling. American Business Law Journal, 48(2), 227-283. This is an in-depth study that analyzes the way corruption in many areas of business in Middle East has impacted the ability of small and medium-sized family businesses from growing too large. The author is a Middle Eastern business expert and has a unique spin on the glass ceiling. Taking a commonly used sociological term, Bishara spins that to demonstrate how certain types and sizes of business operating in the Middle East encounter a glass ceiling upon growing too big and quickly discover how corruption prevents them from growing even more, and limits their economic ability. He does this be talking about various issues related to corruption, including bribery and exploitation, and how this limits the continued development and expansion of small to medium sized enterprises. The glass ceiling, then, prevents the ethically minded firm from truly growing as an organization. Chauncey, M., and Jude, R. (2010). Daily practice: Ethics in Leadership. Contemporary Issues in Education Research, 3(7), 19. Chanucy and Jude are focused on educating future business leaders, and current managers in the field, about the importance for teaching ethics in school. They focus on the reality that many universities and colleges around the country tout their own ethics, yet they often fail in their attempts to educate future leaders about the importance of creating an ethical and honest business environment when they move into the professional world. This is the first of a series of studies aimed at illustrating the importance of ethics in leadership and provides the reader with some great information about what concepts to employ moving forward. Hansen, H. (2011). Managing corruption risks. Review of International Political Economy, 18(2), 251-275. In this study, rather than simply focusing on the effects of corruption, Hansen goes further to provide the reader with specific measure that they can implement to shield themselves from the risks of corruption. His focus is on Western companies who are looking to expand internationally. There are obviously risks in making this step, many of which involve how to navigate the business landscape in the host country. By minimizing the risks of corruption from the outset, the company can limit potential losses down the road. He proposes certain networks that need to be established, prior to entering a foreign market, in order to limit the possibility that corruption will become a necessity. The article is quite in-depth and would be a great inclusion to the library of any executive tasked with the responsibility of navigating international business markets. Johnson, V. (2012). Higher education, corruption, and reform. Con temporary Readings in Law and Social Justice, 4(1), 478. This study by Johnson takes another unique look at corruption by put into context of higher education. Many individuals understand that corruption exists in higher education around the world, but many fail to focus
Wednesday, January 29, 2020
My Reasons Why Homework Isnt a Good Idea Essay Example for Free
My Reasons Why Homework Isnt a Good Idea Essay Go to school for seven hours, go to practice for two hours, go home and do homework until you fall asleep. That is the life of most high school students. We are all so busy with schoolwork, clubs and not to mention our outside of school life. Homework is just a source of stress and anxiety for a lot of busy students and takes a lot time out of busy schedules. I think this is a worry that could be eliminated. Student athletes everywhere know what I mean when I say that when you have away games, you do not want to think about coming home to do homework on an already late night. It is tough enough to finish all of the homework that teachers assign when all you have is a regular practice. As you get older and take harder classes, the homework load and the amount of tests and quizzes also increase. Studying for these also take time and most of the time you just feel rushed to get through everything you have to do that night. Therefore you donââ¬â¢t retain all of the information that you tried to cram into your head. I know of some people who really canââ¬â¢t finish all of their homework at night either because they have so much to do or they prioritize between studying for a big test or getting a good grade on a homework assignment. Homework is an added on stress to young people who participate in sports, clubs, and band and that stress can be taken out in destructive ways. Another reason I think that students shouldnââ¬â¢t have as much homework as we do is because we already go to school five out of seven days of a week for seven hours a day. We go to school for a reason and that reason is to learn but we shouldnââ¬â¢t have to bring schoolwork home when we already have been to school that day. Also, most of the information we learn will never be applied in our lives or be helpful to us. I can understand the occasional paper to write or story to read and definitely studying for tests, but I think we just need to learn what we will actually use in life rather than extra information. Itââ¬â¢s impractical for teachers to assign homework about things that I will never hear of or use again. It seems like a waste of everyoneââ¬â¢s time. My last argument is that most students donââ¬â¢t get enough sleep because they are so busy all the time. The students that participate in something where they have practices or obligations that they have to attend to are usually the ones that actually do all of their homework and studying, therefore get less sleep than they are supposed to. Adults always say you should get eight hours of sleep if not more every night but that is all but impossible when you have so much to do. I know personally Iââ¬â¢m lucky to get seven hours of sleep on a good night and I always wake up exhausted. Lack of sleep is a very serious problem for people my age. Also, if you would be able to get to more sleep at night then they most likely wouldnââ¬â¢t fall asleep in class or have such a hard time staying awake. If you are more alert in class you will also get more out of the lesson and understand the material better. There are so many reasons that homework isnââ¬â¢t a good or effective idea. Students donââ¬â¢t get as much sleep and have a hard time staying awake in and out of class. They wonââ¬â¢t get as much studying time for major tests and wonââ¬â¢t retain as much information when all they are trying to do is get everything that they need to do that night done. Finally, we already go to school for large amounts of time and do a lot of work there and then they try to make us do even more outside of class. School is basically like a full time job for students and if you participate in extracurriculars than it just seems like everything gets so clustered in your life. I believe homework is an unnecessary stress that can be eliminated for the young people today.
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
Relationships in Norman MacLeans A River Runs Through It Essay
Relationships in Norman MacLean's A River Runs Through It "Eventually the watcher joined the river, and there was only one of us. I believe it was the river." The river that Norman Maclean speaks of in A River Runs Through It works as a connection, a tie, holding together the relationships between Norman and his acquaintances in this remote society. Though "It" is never outwardly defined in the novella there is definite evidence "It" is the personality of the people and that the river is running through each individual personality acting as the simple thread connecting this diverse group of people. With the help of the river these Montana residents are able to teach as well as learn from each other. Since the time of the Indians, fathers have been teaching sons the ways of the river and the Maclean family is no different. Paul and Norman learn from a young age first how to pray, read the Bible, and then fly fish from their father. For the Maclean family "there is no clear line between religion and fly-fishing" and their father is a Presbyterian preacher who incorporates all these lessons into the river. He carefully transitions from telling them "about Christ's disciples being fishermen" to teaching them "to approach the art (of fly-fishing) Marine- and Presbyterian- style" alongside the river. Along this river his sons receive "as many hours of instruction in fly fishing as in all other spiritual matters" making the river a pivotal part of everyday life. "Although Paul was three years younger than Norman?he was already far ahead in anything relating to fishing" by their early teens. Paul quickly passes Norman and his father in skillful fishing but more than that he acquired more style. His father... ...y and as expected Norman "is blamed for Neal." Norman is able to put his anger quickly behind him however, when he and Paul go on a fishing trip to "recuperate." He looks to "fishing for the healing effects of the cool waters" of the river. He quickly becomes lost in his fishing, so completely that he becomes "totally composed of thoughts about the Elkhorn River, the weather, and a mythological fish" and not a single thought of his dying anger. Characters are bound to each other by the river and through their common love of the river. Sometimes the only thing they have in common is this mutual love. This Montana community is entwined in the river that runs through it. All the characters obviously feel the same as Norman when he says "I also became the river." Work Cited MacLean, Norman. A River Runs Through It. University of Chicago Press, 1989.
Monday, January 13, 2020
Academic Argument Essay
Academic Argument Essay The Need for Rehabilitation Momm, like many brothel girls, had become addicted to methamphetamines. Often the brothel owners give girls meth to keep them compliant and dependent. In her village, the craving had overwhelmed her, and she was consumed by the need to go back to the brothel and get some meth. Women everyday, all over the world are being held against their will. Many of these women are bought, sold, and used for sex or labor. In the book Half the Sky by Nicholas D.Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn they focus on the prevention of sex trafficking by giving shocking statistics and first hand accounts of gruesome situations women have been through (Kristof). Sex trafficking is often seen as a non-issue because women often give consent to the sex after being involved for a long period of time. Because brothel owners are harsh and unsympathetic, women are left powerless and defenseless. Even after being rescued from brothels, women need rehabilitation in order to live a productive, successful life because they are brainwashed and drugged, have nowhere to go, and acquire no skills to maintain a normal job.On the United Nations website, it states that people participate in trafficking women ââ¬Å"for the purpose of exploitationâ⬠(United). By exploiting women in the case of sex slavery the women are raped and brainwashed. Women often times refuse to have sex with clients at first, but after continuously being threatened, beaten, and drugged, the women have no other option but to give in to having sex. After years of this kind of mistreatment, women eventually get used to the horrible circumstance that they are in and often donââ¬â¢t even see it as much of a problem. At this point, the brothel owners have succeeded in brainwashing the women.Women being trafficked are rarely fortunate enough to be saved. However for the lucky ones, once rescued the women view the rescuer as a bad person for taking them away from the life that gave them food and drugs. Anywhere between 700,000 and four million women and children are trafficked around the world (Sexual). Without rehabilitation, women would just go straight back to the brothels because they no longer see a problem with what they are doing. People in support of sex trafficking view women as participating voluntarily despite the fact that they are held against their will. By keeping women in ehabilitation after being rescued, they have a much better chance of breaking their drug addiction, reversing the brainwash, and becoming educated citizens. Not only do trafficking victims have to recover from the brainwashing and drug addiction, they also have to find a place to live. Women are often held for years at a time in brothels. After being free of a life of prostitution, they have nothing and nobody to go to for help. This is where rehabilitation comes into play. It lets women get accustomed to everyday life out of the brothels and it can help them find a place to go an d people to help them.In one case, volunteers helped Neth and Momm to find their families that they had not seen in over five years (Kristof). Without these volunteers and this type of rehabilitation, these two women would have had a very slim chance of making it out of the red light district. Brothel owners may think that they are doing these women a service by providing a place to live for them, but ultimately the women could do that for themselves if they had the ability to make and income. In addition to finding women a place to go after the rape, it is vital that these victims are given the chance to be educated.With education comes opportunity. Debatably the hardest part of fighting drug trafficking is to recover the women and give them a life after the struggles of being prostituted. With education comes skills for jobs, knowledge of what happened to them, and the ability to help out with others going through the same situation. Education in third world countries is often a c hallenge for families because they donââ¬â¢t have the money or resources to send their children to school. However, if a woman is educated, it decreases her chance of living in poverty and being trafficked (Kristof 167-170).Although some may think the cost of education outweighs its benefits, it gives opportunities to advance in society. As volunteers assist women in escaping the brutalities of sex slavery, it is important to recall that the solution is not simply taking them from the source of the problem. Rehabilitation is also vital for the womenââ¬â¢s success because it treats them for being brainwashed and addicted to drugs, gives them a place to live, and provides much needed education. Traffickers themselves may think that rehabilitation is not necessary, but that is for their own financial gain.So letââ¬â¢s give our support in every way possible to help stop the cold realty of sex trafficking and the negative side affects if brings to the women involved. The solutio n to ending trafficking lies within us all. Works Cited Kristof, Nicholas D. , and Sheryl WuDunn. Half the Sky: Turning Oppression into Opportunity for Women Worldwide. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2009. Print. ââ¬Å"Sexual Trafficking Facts. â⬠The Facts. Initiative Against Sexual Trafficking. Web. 01 June 2012. ââ¬Å"United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. â⬠What Is Human Trafficking? United Nations. Web. 31 May 2012.
Sunday, January 5, 2020
Indonesian Demographic Transition Essay - 1563 Words
Introduction The effects of population control programs on demographic change were not instant, and it takes long serious effort to encourage the improvement of economic development in a country. According to Paul J. Gertler (1994, p. 33), ââ¬Å"Population control is a key element in a countryââ¬â¢s ability to maintain and improve its economic and social welfareâ⬠. Furthermore, this paper intends to explain why the change of population structure has an effect on the societyââ¬â¢s economic condition in Indonesia with examining the demographic variables. This short paper is aimed to support the hypothesis that the demographic variables are important influential factors on the economic development and significantly affect on the social welfare inâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦2006, p. 18). Thus the Indonesian population reached the conditions which sustain on the other development supporting factors. In general, Indonesia has been considered successful to reduce fertility and mortality rates. The total fertility rate (TFR) in Indonesia decreased significantly from the average of 5.6 children per female in 1971 to 4.6 in 1980, from about 3.3 in 1987 decreased to 3.02 in 1990 and continuously dropped to 2.8 in 1994. From 1997 to 2002, according to Indonesia Demographic and Health survey 2002 (IDHS 2002, 2003), the TFR was 2.7 and declined to 2.6 children per female. Figure 1 Sources: IDHS 2002 technical report series monograph no.111 Meanwhile, the crude death rate in Indonesia in 1970 was 17, 7.9 in 1988, increased slightly to 9 in 1990 and dropped to only 6 in 2006. Furthermore, the infant mortality rate declined from 67 per 1,000 life birth in 1988, 56 in 1990, to 52 in 2000 (Demographic Indicators: Indonesia, http://www.unicef.org). The decline in mortality rates in Indonesia were caused by better standard of living, better familiesââ¬â¢ health and better education which are also caused by family welfare improvement. Since the Indonesian government has already succeeded in lowering theShow MoreRelatedThe Reform And Implementation Of A New Defined Benefit Public Pension System1657 Words à |à 7 PagesDC schemes allow participants to withdraw some of their funds for acceptable reasons. Therefore these schemes can double as an emergency fund. DB (Jaminan Pensiun) Implemented in the 2015 reform, Jaminan Pensiun (JPN) fills the 1st Pillar of the Indonesian pension system. JPN was designed to be a funded central DB scheme managed by BPJS Ketenagakerjaan. In DB schemes, pension benefits rely heavily on contribution periods and ââ¬Å"finalâ⬠salaries; therefore the benefits are usually non-actuarial. HenceRead MoreEconomic and Social Change in Indonesia2179 Words à |à 9 Pageseconomic and social change within the region. (Cameron 1999) The crisis, which worked its way through many of the South East Asian countries, was signified by the collapse of the Thai baht in the middle of 1997. 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The company also planted palm oil crops in high-value deep peatlandRead MoreBurger King1905 Words à |à 8 Pageslooking for a new palm oil supplier for the 176 Burger King restaurants supplied by Sinar Mas, and would be notifying its suppliers that it plans to discontinue the use of palm oil supplied by the company. The audit also found that SMART had violated Indonesian law on forest management, and launched operations on almost 38,000 hectares (94,000 acres) of land on Borneo before mandatory environmental studies had been completed, reports AFP. The company also planted palm oil crops in high-value deep peatland
Friday, December 27, 2019
Humanistic Psychology Psychology And Psychology
Humanistic Psychology is a psychological sub-field which became prominent in the 20th century as a response to the limitations of the psychoanalytic theory and behaviorism (Cherry, n.d.). The main purpose is to help patients gain a belief that all people are inheritably good. Its roots starts with Socrates and emphasizes an individualââ¬â¢s inherent drive towards self-actualization. Humanistic psychology utilizes a holistic approach to human existence and focuses on things such as creativity, free will, and a positive human potential. It encourages a self-awareness and mindfulness that helps change the clientââ¬â¢s behavior from one of reaction to one with more productive self-awareness and thoughtful actions. When first developed humanistic psychology was known as third-force psychology so that it could be distinguished from the less humanistic approaches Sigmund Freud and B.F. Skinner (Hall, 2007). Humanistic theory is summarized by five different core principles (Cherry, n.d .). 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